Chapter -1: Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
There is no opportunity to deny the fact that Bangladesh needs a sustained degree of growing of little and average endeavors ( SMEs ) in order to cut down poorness. Having predomination of agro-based economic activities, low degree of technological development, deficiency of handiness of extremely skilled labourers, little graduated table concerns have been appropriately developed in the state. Sing the state ‘s degree of economic growing, composing of resources or natural resources, degree of international integrating, and turning urbanisation, industrialisation there is immense range for developing diversified and new SMEs in agribusiness, fabrication, service sectors etc.
Scope of employment can be enlarged or widened both in rural and urban countries, which will assist to cut down income inequality between urban and rural countries by SMEs. SMEs ‘ part to the economic system is well-known.
Harmonizing to BSCIC ( 2009 ) , little and cottage industries accounted for 90.91 per cent of entire industrial constitutions in 20082009. About 90 per cent of entire employment and more than 55 per cent of entire fabricating value added originated from SMEs. In another estimation, there are around 66000 little industry units and 611,612 bungalow industry units, which provide employment of about 3.5 million people. When handlooms are added, the figure of bungalow industry units entirely shoots up above 700,000 ( BSCIC, 2009 ) .
SMEs achieved considerable growing in different sub-sectors like, paper, printing and publication ; non-metallic mineral merchandises ; metal merchandises ; chemical ; nutrient, drink baccy etc. SMEs growing in Bangladesh is comparable with the growing achieved in different big graduated table industries in Bangladesh. However, a figure of challenges have slowed down the development or growing of SMEs. In malice of its extended coverage in fabrication and service related activities, productiveness of SMEs is non good in our state. In a figure of sectors, there is no well-structured value concatenation developed between upper watercourse and lower watercourse.
It is true that turning urbanisation in the state and lifting per capita income at urban degree have been making demand for comparatively ‘better ‘ quality merchandises at a higher monetary value, alternatively of ‘low ‘ quality merchandises at lower monetary value.
Presently, a larger portion of this demand has been met up by low-cost, low quality imported merchandises, because local SMEs are non able plenty to supply satisfactory sum of better quality merchandises.
Though SME is going bit by bit a lifting industrial sector in our state and lending more and more in export, this sector faces several jobs like- lake of proficient know-how, deficit of long term fiscal support, deficiency of skilled workers, selling nexus, research and development. Naturally, development of fight of local SMEs is the major challenge that has to be met in order to prolong and enlarge the growing of this sector.
The major aim of this study is to demo the growing of SME, present position of SME, jobs faced by SME and authorities policies to run SME in our state.
1.2 Aims
The major aim of this study is to research the:
Current development position of SME in Bangladesh
Problems faced by SME
Government policies to run SME in our state
1.3 Restriction
Although it has been tried on the degree best to do this study based on facts and complete information available, there are some restrictions that are inevitable. They are following:
This survey is limited to merely the development of SME in Bangladesh ;
There was a clip restriction as three months internship period is non plenty to analyze the growing of SME ;
Primary informations is collected from different SMEs ‘ proprietors by questionnaires. So without trust on proprietors ‘ replies there is no any manner to warrant these replies.
Chapter -2: Methodology
To research the growing of SMEs in Bangladesh others footings such as current position of SME, jobs faced by SME, Government policies etc are described in this study. This study fundamentally focuses on growing of SME in Bangladesh.
2.1 trying design
Sampling size is 20
2.2 Methods of roll uping informations
For finishing this study informations is collected from two sourcesaˆ¦
primary
Secondary
Primary informations Beginnings:
Primary informations is collected by questionnaires from direct respondents ( little concern proprietors ) . Questionnaires are besides adjusted with this study.
–
Secondary informations beginnings:
Secondary information is collected from different
News paper,
Web sites,
Different articles,
Report, etc.
2.3 Analytic tools
Simple equation is used to analyze this questionnaires.
Chapter -3 Literature reappraisal
In the concern universe, little and micro-businesses form an absolute bulk worldwide. Bangladesh as a developing state has started refocusing its attending on SME to heighten its economic stableness.
Though there is no any standard definition of SME in the universe, we can state that little concern is a concern which starts its activities with little sum of capital, little sum of land, few Numberss of employees & A ; to function little Numberss of clients it is known as little concern.
This paper sets out to analysis the little concern growing in Bangladesh. The footings “ growing ” , “ success ” are frequently really closely linked and are sometimes even used as equivalent word. Traditionally they are all measured by difficult fiscal steps, such as turnover, or by increased Numberss of Employees.
This study tries to demo the functions of SMEs for overall development of Bangladesh. Such as economic growing, poorness relief, employment coevals, and the growing dimensions in three major sectors – agribusiness, industry, and service. The survey besides shows the constrictions of SMEs and the consequence of globalisation on its development in Bangladesh to the success of SMEs in working, lasting, rapid globalisation of markets. In this paper the concluding chase is to develop a model to exemplify a sustainable concern solution that at the same time fight poorness and speed up economic growing through SMEs.
SME takes several schemes to turn itself & amp ; every bit good as economic development of Bangladesh. Such as Market development scheme, merchandise development scheme, variegation scheme etc. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises ( SMEs ) are playing a polar function in footings of economic growing, employment coevals, and industrialisation ( e.g. through entrepreneurship development ) .
Many writers expressed their sentiment about SME growing in developing state like Bangladesh. These are given belowaˆ¦
Beck, Kunt, and Levine ( 2005 ) in “ SMEs, Growth, and Poverty provinces that Cross-Country Evidence ” have found a strong association between SMEs development and Gross Domestic Product in per Capita.
Harvie ( 2004 ) in “ East Asiatic SME capacity Building, fight and Market Opportunities in a Global Economy ” postulates that developing economic systems are particularly seeing little concern as possible instruments for the relief of poorness.
Carl Liedholm, Michael, McPherson and Anyinna Chuta et Al show that “ The per centum of occupation growing coming from endeavor enlargement in rural countries is significantly higher than that of urban countries in developing state. ”
Above mentioned sentiments of different writers show the growing tendency of SME in developing state like Bangladesh.
Actually SME helps hapless people to develop their place. This study tries to demo that the SMEs ‘ activities & A ; its impact on our economic growing. For developing the sense about SME & A ; its impact this study is based on field study.
Though SME is an of import constituent of economic growing so it has to maintain relation with others factors such as cognition, capital mobilisation, creativeness, ability to take enterprises, record maintaining, fiscal control, industry & A ; direction experience, etc which are really of import to heighten economic growing of this state. This study besides focuses on these factors.
In our state bulk per centum of enterprisers take determinations by their ain sense. Small concern brings great chance for little capital proprietors. They can easy utilize this little capital & A ; can take poorness.
Though little concern proprietors are hapless, they need support from external and internal beginnings. Here relatives & A ; different fiscal establishments play of import functions in this instance.
Sing all these, the authoritiess of many developing and less-developed states are following separate SME policies. Bangladesh authorities has developed regulations & A ; ordinances to run the SME in Bangladesh. Tax discount, involvement of loan, location of this concern etc are chief factors have great impact on economic growing which taken by the authorities to run SME.
After the independency of Bangladesh authoritiess of different term of offices took a long clip to recognize the demand of entrepreneurship development. We may acquire the scenario if we analyze the development by regardful authorities term of office. aˆ¦aˆ¦ .
1972-1975 Time period:
During this period trade policy of the state was chiefly project-oriented. As the state was merely free from an bossy reign of Pakistani juntas and the industrial substructure was damaged by the war of release, so, authorities of the so period had no alternate but to originate by itself. Private engagement over the industrial sector was wholly stopped. Government initiated to set up big figure of nationalized industries. As a consequence entrepreneurship development construct was wholly lost.
1975-1982 Time period:
From this clip authorities realized the demand of entrepreneurship development for economic growing. Government started to privatise it ‘s seek industries and introduced deregulating policies in industrial sector. New private enterprisers were created with new enthusiasm. These authoritiess introduced assorted economic system.
1982-1990 Time period: Denationalization and deregulating policies started in some specific sectors. Selling the seek industries to private sector got momentous. Entrepreneurship was encouraged by explicating appropriate financial policies.
1991-2004 Time period: Governments of these periods introduced market economic system to a important extent. Initiated policies to liberalise the trade policies. Privatization board was constituted to research the environmental chances. Export-oriented denationalization policy was introduced. GATT, WTO established took up some issues in this state by the international policies and to supply some ways and schemes.
It is another factor that, how many Numberss of SME in our state it is non easy to state. So, no 1 knows for certain how many SMEs are in Bangladesh today. In 1975 BSCIC ( Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation ) surveyed to happen out the existent Numberss of SME in our state, but until today existent Numberss of SME are non found out.
SME growing is besides affected by the environment -external & A ; internal. External environment is really of import to internationalise SME. Environment is major constituent of development without it development can non travel off. So SME has to keep the regulations and ordinance of environment.
To turn SME fiscal & A ; non-financial indexs are really of import. The combination of these two factors brings the economic success of a state.
To develop little concern there are many institutional agreements, which vary grades of effectivity in the undermentioned areasaˆ¦aˆ¦
Fiscal support: Long-run funding are by and large provided by Bangladesh Bank, other specialized bank and fiscal establishments. Commercial bank provide short term loan to concern endeavor regardless of the size in the signifier of general recognition, industrial recognition, rural recognition plan, micro recognition, particular recognition, etc at changing involvement rate of 11-16 % depending on the intent of development.
Human resource development: Small concern demands skilled work force for production, direction and histories. A figure of organisations are engaged in these activities such as BUET, BIT, Polytechnic and Vocational Training Institutes, etc for doing skilled work force.
Policy Instruments: Government has been back uping little concern through assorted policy preparations and their execution. Ministries of industry, Ministry of Finance and Planning, Ministry of Commerce and Bangladesh Bank have developed necessary policy to develop SME.
Business Development Services: Business Development Services are designed to assist micro, little and average endeavors overcome these barriers to increased productiveness, profitableness and entree high value markets so that they can recognize their possible aid to hapless people work their manner out of poorness, turn local economic systems and creates occupations.
In Bangladesh SME faces many jobs. As a underdeveloped state these job should be overcome. Otherwise our SME sectors will non be able to see the success. To get the better of these jobs & A ; to develop little concern in our state in future below mentioned factors should be accepted:
Training
Motivation
Loan installation
Proper application of regulations
Appropriate topographic point
Opportunity to capital use
Chapter-4 SME in Bangladesh
4.1 Definition of SME
Small concern is any concern that independently owned and operated, is non dominant in its ain field and does non prosecute in any new or advanced patterns. It is an built-in portion of the entire concern scene in any state. It means the size of which is non large – the size once more depends on the yardstick one uses to mensurate.
4.1.1 Harmonizing to industrial policy
For fabricating industries, the Taskforce recommends that: an endeavor should be treated as little if, in today ‘s market monetary values, the replacing cost of works, machinery and other parts/components, fixtures, support public-service corporation, and associated proficient services by manner of capitalized costs ( of turn-key consultancy services, for illustration ) , etc, were to up to Tk. 15 million ;
an endeavor would be treated as medium if, in today ‘s market monetary values, the replacing cost of works, machinery, and other parts/components, fixtures, support public-service corporation, and associated proficient services ( such as turn-key consultancy ) , etc, were to up to Tk. 100 million ; from both definitions above, land is excluded.
For non-manufacturing activities ( such as trading or other services ) , the Taskforce defines:
An endeavor should be treated as little if it has less than 25 workers, in full-time equivalents ;
An endeavor would be treated as medium if it has between 25 and 100 employees ;
From both definitions above, land and constructions, one time once more, are excluded.
4.2 Government policies of SME in Bangladesh
As a developing state to develop its economic position and to cut down the poorness rate, SME is really of import sector in Bangladesh. But unluckily, until today Bangladesh could non do separate SME policy to run this sector significantly. Some really simple constabularies are included in the industrial policy in 2005. These areaˆ¦
The Industrial Policy-2005 provinces: “ the SME sector has been given precedence as a privileged sector ” .
The PRSP provinces: “ The Government will prosecute an employment intensive industrialisation with accent on SMEs and export-oriented industries ” .
.
The Small and Medium Enterprise Cell ( SMEC ) was created in the Ministry of Industries ( MOI ) in 2003, and was tasked to take specialist involvement in SMEs ‘ development.
October 2003 saw the fundamental law of the SME Taskforce ( SMETF ) , with the Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister as the convener. The SMETF blended the Government, the private sector, academe and the civil society as participants.
The Taskforce ‘s study was approved by the Government early in 2005. On the footing of the study of the SME Taskforce, “ the Government of Bangladesh issued Small & A ; Medium Enterprise Policy Strategies, 2005 ” to supply a model for intercessions and policy schemes for the development of SMEs.
The Government constituted a Small & A ; Medium Enterprise Advisory Panel ( SMEAP ) as an independent and meritocratic brains-trust for the MOI for all developmental, proficient and structural advisories in the name of SME development.
Harmonizing to Industrial Policy 2005, there are particular financial inducements for SMEs. Since
Industries will bask revenue enhancement vacation installation for a period of 5 to 8 old ages depending on the locations ;
Agro-processing and computing machine package industries will have income revenue enhancement alleviation for a fixed period ;
Industrial endeavors engaged in the production of RMG will have revenue enhancement installation at a decreased rate of 10 per cent on their export income ;
Particular gross installations will be provided to industries marked as “ thrust sectors ” , SMEs and bungalow industries ;
Industrial endeavors registered with the Board of Investment need non pay any transportation fee ;
The Government is committed to develop industrialisation led by the private sector amid a concern environment that can convey out the best among all SME stakeholders
It is besides pointed out in the industrial policy that Bangladesh authorities has taken enterprises to do separate SME policy. But when this policy will be made and implemented it is a large inquiry today.
4.3 Strategy for Small Business development in Bangladesh
Four schemes we can follow to turn the Small Business in our state. These are given belowaˆ¦
Penetration
scheme
Merchandise
Development
Scheme
Market
development
Scheme
Diversification
Scheme
Penetration scheme
A Penetration scheme focuses on the house ‘s bing merchandise in its bing market, and enterprisers try to develop the merchandise and market by promoting bing client to purchase the more of the house ‘s current merchandise.
Market development Strategy
It is a scheme which grows little concern by selling the house ‘s bing merchandise to the new clients
There are several schemes under the market development strategyaˆ¦
Market
Development
Scheme
Geographic
Market
Demographic
Market
Merchandise usage
B.1 ) Geographic Market: This merely suggests selling the bing merchandise in new location.
B.2 ) Demographic market: demographics are used to qualify clients based upon their income, where they live, their instruction, age, and sex ; and so on.
B.3 ) Merchandise usage: An enterpriser might happen out that people use its merchandise in a manner that was non expected. This new cognition of merchandise usage provides insight into how merchandise may be valuable to the new group o purchasers.
C ) Product development scheme
Merchandise development scheme for growing involve developing and selling new merchandise to people who are already buying the house ‘s bing merchandise.
Diversification scheme
This scheme involves selling a new merchandise to a new market.
4.3 Opportunity and challenges for SME of Bangladesh
Opportunities:
Bangladesh is an agricultural state. 85 % populations of Bangladesh are Farmer. So agricultural gets the precedence all times. But today people are going aware of industry. In this circumstance little concern has immense chance to develop itself in our state. Some of import chances of SME are described in below-
Education Rate:
The instruction rate of Bangladesh is increasing twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. Educated people are ever tried to make something new, and they are non afraid of taking hazard. So, new concerns are being launched twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours.
Industrial Policy:
Industrial policy aid people to make concern right and it provides many installations to new concern proprietors. So, little concern is seeing new Sun of success.
Handiness of Resources:
In our state there are many resources to develop and run little concern significantly.
Foreign Market Potential:
Small concern of Bangladesh produces many goods which have demands in foreign market, and can gain immense foreign currency. So, little concern is developed twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours.
Honest Profession:
Many people imagine that Small Business is really esteemed profession. So, immature people are developing little concern twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours.
Environment:
Environment of Bangladesh is appropriate for concern. Those concerns are non appropriate in ice-land country these are appropriate in our state.
Growth of domestic merchandise
GDP of a state is really of import to mensurate the growing of SMEs. In our growing rate is going good twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. Current GDP growing of our state is 6 % .
Without supra mentioned chances there are many other grounds for which Small Business is developing successfully.
Problems of SME in Bangladesh:
There is a great chance of SME in Bangladesh. It plays a polar function in the economic development of this state but SME of Bangladesh faces many challenges in different areaaˆ¦
Government policy
Until today Bangladesh could non do a standard SME policy to run this sector significantly. Furthermore the authorities policy emphasizes on production factors instead than human factor. Human factor is acquiring the least attending for the publicity of little concern in the state. There is another job for doing the policy. Government is non doing a clear cut policy of developing little concern in the state.
Awareness of installations
Sometimes authorities offers a few installations to the little concern but proprietors of little concern are non cognizant of the available installations in the state for set uping little concern. There is no any proper media to aware little concern proprietor about installations.
Training installations
To develop entrepreneurship and little concern in the state handiness of preparation and instruction installations is must. But in Bangladesh there are barely any preparation installations for the little man of affairs.
Incentive step
To develop the little and average enterprise authorities of state has to supply the incentive step. But here the little enterprisers are deprived of such inducements.
Loan installations
Different fiscal establishments are offering loan installations to little concern proprietor. But it is a job that little concern proprietor who has no any power does n’t acquire loan installations really easy.
Security
Many little concern proprietors operate their concern in unfastened topographic point like field, route, coach, and in other transit. They are non secured because they face many unsafe state of affairss.
Womans entrepreneurship
Womans are controlled by adult male agencies husband or father or elder brother. So adult females little concern ca n’t be operated really swimmingly. In our state there is no suited societal environment to run little concern by adult females.
Small capital
Small concern proprietors have no immense capital to run the concern. So they ca n’t accomplish the vertex of end. Modern engineering they ca n’t utilize and standard merchandise they ca n’t bring forth.
Above mentioned points are considered as strong barriers of SME development in Bangladesh. So it can be said that to increase the part of SMEs on Bangladesh economic system authorities, NGOs, commercial Bankss, others fiscal establishments have to set great emphasize on SMEs sector in Bangladesh
4.4 Government budgetary steps for the development of SME in 2010
Table
Sectors
Taka ( chromium )
%
Fiscal twelvemonth
Economy & A ; industry
1219
1.07 %
2010-2011
Business
185
0.16 %
2010-2011
Bangladesh is agriculture based state. So chief precedence is given to this sector ever, but relatively concern sector ever gets small precedence, though it has great part on our economic system. To develop the SME sector Bangladesh authorities has to give great precedence to this sector.
4.5 Role of SME on economic development of Bangladesh
The function of little and average endeavors ( SMEs ) to economic development of a state is good organized. Across the Earth it is strongly perceived that SMEs do play critical function in the industrial development, economic development of a state. Bangladesh is non dawdling far behind in this regard. SME has great chance in this state. Environment, inexpensive labour, concern scheme etc are the cardinal characteristics of SME.
In position all the favourable factors ; there is an pressing demand in development of SME in Bangladesh as a underdeveloped state.
SMEs are characterized on the footing of size, investing and employees in most states across the universe.
Here are little concern are those which have employees less than 50 individual and have an investing of less than tk. 250 million.
On the other manus, medium endeavors are those which have investing between tk.250 million and tk. 500 million with the figure of employed workers runing to 50 and 99.
By and large, manus loom, nutrient processing, lather and tannery, ceramic, light technology, electric and electronic, handcraft, specialized fabric and garments etc are fall in the class of little and average endeavor.
Information from MIDAS suggested that, around 88 % of county ‘s entire industrial work force is employed in the SMEs and the sector manufactures over 33 % of industrial value added goods.
Although there is no concrete information about figure and types of SME in Bangladesh, an estimation of the Bangladesh little and bungalow industries corporation ( BSCIC ) says that, there are over 42000 bungalow industries in Bangladesh.
There are besides 10s of 1000s of little industries and a big figure of manus loom and power loom industries in this state.
Despite holding immense potency to boom, the growing of SME sector in Bangladesh is being impeded by many-sided job, both at micro and macro degrees.
Inadequate cognition of many enterprisers about the bing loaning system and absence of necessary preparation installations for little endeavor, widespread corruptness and extortion and high rate of value added revenue enhancement and unneeded torment from taxvat functionaries, jurisprudence hatchet man etc are besides seen as hindrances for the growing of SME.
On the other manus absence of modern engineering transportation policy, deficiency of substructure and support like port, power, gas, hapless jurisprudence and order, unequal legal frame work, policy have been identified as the cardinal macro degree job. Bangladesh SMEs ‘ have no adequate exposure to international market.
Sing the above all state of affairs, Bangladesh authorities along with givers support took some steps over the twelvemonth to back up the development of SMEs.
Assorted establishments including the BSCIC, BOI ( Board of investing )
Commercial Bankss, other fiscal establishments are working to advance the MSE sector, but their services and support are still unequal.
Experts argue that all the establishments have to construct up capacity and upgrade their attitudes to supply appropriate and speedy service to entrepreneurs.
The authorities has already given particular attending to the publicity of SMEs sectors. Though authorities and others fiscal establishments have given particular attending to the publicity of SMEs sector, the part of non-government organisation in this sector is still hapless.
So it can be said that to increase the part of SMEs on Bangladesh economic system authorities, NGOs, commercial Bankss, others fiscal establishments have to set great emphasize on SMEs sector in Bangladesh.
Chapter 05: Present position of SME in Bangladesh questionnaire
This portion is based on study through questionnaires.
Calculation:
Number of respondent: frequence
A-100
Question 01: Age of enterprisers
Table -01
Responses
20-25
26-30
31-35
36-40
41-more
Entire
Number of respondent
02
04
08
04
02
20
Percentage
10 %
20 %
40 %
20 %
10 %
100 %
From the above tabular array we can province that, 31-35 old ages people are more interested to make ain concern like SME.
Question02: Owners of SME are male or female
Table-02
Responses
Female
Male
Entire
Number of respondent
7
13
20
Percentage
35 %
56 %
100 %
From above information we can reason that male is more interested than female.
Question 03: Marital position of enterprisers
Table 03
Responses
Married
single
Entire
Number of respondent
12
8
20
Percentage
60 %
40 %
100 %
From the above tabular array we can province that, more little concern proprietors are married.
Question 04: Educational Qualification
Table 04
Responses
Class one to five
Class six to ten
HSC or tantamount
Diploma
University alumnus
Entire
Number of respondent
3
5
2
3
7
20
Percentage
15 %
25 %
10 %
15 %
35 %
100 %
Though in annual period uneducated people were proprietor of different concern but today educated people like concern more. From this tabular array we can province that, university alumnuss are going more interested to make little concern.
Question 05: experience of enterprisers
Table 05
Responses
0 -years
One-five old ages
Six-ten old ages
Eleven- 15
More than 15
Entire
Number of respondent
11
4
2
2
1
20
Percentage
55 %
20 %
10 %
10 %
5 %
100 %
Educated people do n’t fear the hazard. So from this tabular array we can see that without any experience people are establishing little concern. They do n’t wait for garnering experience.
Question 06: startup capital of concern
Table 06
Responses
20,000-60,000
61,000-100,000
100,001-160,000
161,000-200,000
More than 200,000
Entire
Number of respondent
5
6
4
3
2
20
Percentage
25 %
30 %
20 %
15 %
10 %
100 %
More little concern proprietors start concern by tk.61, 000-100,000
Question 07: Monthly turnover
Table 07
Responses
5000-10,000
10,000-15,000
16,000-20,000
21,000-25,000
More than 30,000
Entire
Number of respondent
3
6
5
3
3
20
Percentage
15 %
30 %
25 %
15 %
15 %
100 %
In our state little concern proprietors start concern by little sum of money, so return is non really good. More return is tk.10, 000-15,000.
Question 08: Number of employees
Table 08
Responses
No employees
Two
Three
Four
More than 4
Entire
Number of respondent
03
07
05
03
02
20
Percentage
15 %
35 %
25 %
15 %
10 %
100 %
From above information we can reason that more little concern proprietors have two employees
Question 09: Facing job
Table 09
Responses
Political
Economic
Training
Transportation system
All
Entire
Number of respondent
8
5
3
2
2
20
Percentage
40 %
25 %
15 %
10 %
10 %
100 %
Political influence is playing a critical function as briers of little concern development. In every topographic point now political relations is severely used.
Question: Beginning of capital
Table 10
Responses
Own
Relatives
Fiscal establishments
Own and relations
All
Entire
Number of respondent
6
3
4
3
4
20
Percentage
30 %
15 %
20 %
15 %
20 %
100 %
Harmonizing to this information it can be said that little concern proprietors start their concern with ain capital. It is common scenario in our state that, People provide loan to travel to abroad but non to make concern. Financial establishments do n’t supply loan to hapless concern work forces because they have no power to make anything.
Question 11: Types of concern
Table 11
Responses
Retailer
Whole marketer
Manufacturer & A ; retail merchant
Manufacturer & A ; jobber
Retailer & A ; jobber
Entire
Number of respondent
7
4
3
2
4
20
Percentage
35 %
20 %
15 %
10 %
20 %
100 %
AAAAAMore little concern in our state are engraining with retail concern. Because whole sell concern requires immense money and proprietors have no immense money to make it.
Question 12: Type of invention in your company
Table 12
Responses
Technology
Merchandise
Procedure
Service
Entire
Number of respondent
05
08
03
04
20
Percentage
25 %
40 %
15 %
20 %
100 %
Majority per centum of little concern in Bangladesh are merchandise based. Business of engineering or processing or service requires immense money. So people produce simple merchandise by passing little sum of money.
Question 13: If merchandise invention, type of merchandise
Table-13
Responses
Food
Stationary
Cosmetic
Cloth
Entire
Number of respondent
08
03
03
06
20
Percentage
40 %
15 %
15 %
30 %
100 %
From above information we can state that in instance of merchandise invention little concern tendencies to bring forth nutrient point instead than stationary, decorative, cloth etc.
Question 14: If engineering invention, types of merchandise
Table 14
Responses
Mobile accoutrements
Computer accoutrements
Machineries
Others
Entire
Number of respondent
8
4
3
5
20
Percentage
40 %
20 %
15 %
25 %
100 %
From above information we can state that in instance of engineering invention little concern tendencies to make concern of nomadic accoutrements instead than computing machine accoutrements, machineries etc.
Question 15: If service invention, types of service
Table-15
Responses
Health service
Legal service
Tours & A ; travels
Others
Entire
Number of respondent
9
4
4
3
20
Percentage
45 %
20 %
20 %
15 %
100 %
From above information we can state that in instance of service invention little concern tendencies to make concern of heath service instead than legal service, tours & A ; travels, etc.
Question 16: Number of subdivision ( s )
Table 16
Responses
No subdivision
Two
Three
Four
More
Entire
Number of respondent
06
04
04
03
03
20
Percentage
30 %
20 %
20 %
15 %
15 %
100 %
More little concern in Bangladesh has no any subdivision. Harmonizing to this information it can be said that merely 20 % little concern has two subdivisions.
Question 17: Family background of concern proprietor
Table 17
Responses
Business
Non concern
Entire
Number of respondent
8
12
20
Percentage
40 %
60 %
100 %
Majority per centum of SME proprietors came from “ non-business ” household.
Question 18: Target market of little concern proprietor
Table 18
Responses
Domestic market
Foreign market
Both
Entire
Number of respondent
16
3
1
20
Percentage
80 %
15 %
5 %
100 %
From above informations it can be concluded that 80 % little concerns are prosecuting with domestic concern activity.
Question 19: Ability of proprietor to develop concern program
Table 19
Responses
Able
Unable
Entire
Number of respondent
4
16
20
Percentage
20 %
80 %
100 %
Harmonizing to this informations 80 % proprietors of little concern are unable to fix concern program.
Question 20: Entry scheme manner
Table 20
Responses
Yes
No
Entire
Number of respondent
3
17
20
Percentage
15 %
85 %
100 %
From above mentioned informations it can be concluded that 85 % proprietors do n’t cognize the entry scheme mode like- franchising, licensing, joint venture etc.
Summary of study:
Contentss
Percentage
remarks
Age of little concern proprietors
40
More SME proprietors are 31 to 35 old ages old.
Gender
56
More SME proprietors are male.
Marital position
60
More SME proprietors are married
Educational making
35
Educated people are prosecuting mostly with SME.
Experience
55
More proprietors of SME are inexperienced.
Start- up capital
30
Numerous little concern in Bangladesh at first is inaugurated by one lac or below one lac tk.
Monthly turnover
30
Majority per centum turnover is below 15,000 taka.
Employees
35
More SME has no any employee.
Problem
40
About 40 % concern work forces faces political job.
Beginning of capital
30
Majority per centum of capital came from ain beginning of proprietor.
Business type
35
Majority per centum of concern are retail concern.
Type of invention ( merchandise )
40
Majority per centum of SME are merchandise oriented.
Merchandise invention ( nutrient )
40
Majority per centum of merchandise oriented SMEs are nutrient oriented.
Technology invention ( nomadic accoutrements )
40
Majority per centum of engineering oriented SME are nomadic accoutrements oriented.
Service invention ( wellness service )
45
Majority per centum of service oriented SME are wellness oriented.
Branch
30
Majority per centum of SME have no any subdivision.
Family background
60
Majority per centum of proprietors have come from “ non-business ” household.
Target market
80
More SME are domestic concern oriented.
Ability to do concern program
80
Majority per centum proprietors are non capable to do concern program.
Entry scheme manner
85
Majority per centum proprietors have no any thought about entry scheme manner.
Problems happening
Solution
