For a long clip, the building industry has used the traditional attack in building. The building industry is one of the most dynamic, hazardous, disputing and honoring Fieldss. It involves legion uncertainnesss and widely associated with a high grade of hazard due to the nature of building concern activities, procedures, environment and organisation. As we enter the new millenary, technological progresss will hold a major function in altering the competitory work environment in the building industry.
As the demand for quality additions, the building industry must put in inventions and new technological techniques in building. One such option is to travel towards industrialization and that is by implementing the Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) in edifice building. In Malaysia, authorities has announced that building industries encouraged utilizing more advanced method in building. State edifice requires the engagement and part of an efficient, productive, cost-competitive and environmental-friendly building. This is clearly stated in Construction Industry Master Plan ( CIMP 2006-2015 ) . Therefore, building companies include a little, medium and big company have to concentrate more on industrialized procedures and production methods. They have to place and work any possible for increasing efficiency through a uninterrupted betterment procedure to make inventions.
Construction companies be able to follow the option that offered by industrial building to develop the potency. The possible include market orientation and concern schemes that allows building companies focus on the Fieldss of activity that offer the most value added, increase the portion of value adding plants and cut down the none-productive support plants, better the quality of service, better cost transparence and cost predictability besides perchance venture into new market sectors and develop new client sections.
Contractors seeking to boom in a competitory market need to concentrate on pull offing the hazard associated with fixed-bid contracts and gnawing net income borders. Because the building industry is complex, concern substructure must back up the complex demands of the catching operation. The contractors besides need to research the strategic direction to achive the competitory advantage.
This paper are traveling to develop some maps, mentalities and methods of schemes that concerns employ and besides to bring forth new schemes to the Bumiputra contractors. To achive the schemes, the jobs and market placement of Bumiputra contractors that involve in IBS building will be studied first.
Problem statement
Today, the usage of IBS as a method of building in Malaysia is germinating. Based on the Construction Industry Master Plan 2006-2015, under strategic push 5, above 80 % building undertakings in Malaysia must used IBS. CIDB, ( 2010 ) ( ibs digest ) reported, the sum registered IBS contractors in Malaysia stand for 674 in May 2010 and merely 30 % from the Numberss are active in IBS building. With 291 undertakings worth of RM 6.78 billion that given by authorities, shown the contractors that involve in IBS buildings in Malaysia are still low particularly for the Bumiputra contractors.
Lack of engagement Bumiputra contractors in IBS building is one of the jobs in building industry. The monopoly of ‘big male childs ‘ restricting chances to Bumiputra contractors involve in IBS building. Another issues related the call to utilize IBS is failed to acquire a undertaking because of less attractive due to cost and hazard issues, deficiency of professional trained in IBS, limited IT acceptance and deficiency of counsel for the contractors.
This paper will look into the market placement of the Bumiputra contractors in IBS building comparison to the non-Bumiputra contractors. Besides that, this paper besides will place the success concern startegies of contractors that involve in IBS as reported from the literatures, the informations aggregation from the questionnaires study and through a pilot interview with representative from the related company.
Aims
Based on the old study, the engagement of Bumiputra contractors in IBS building is low. So, the major purposes of this research are to happen a method to increase the figure of Bumiputra Contractors to acquire affect in IBS building. To accomplish this purpose, three aims have been delineated as follows:
To place the job faced by Bumiputra contractors in IBS building ;
To look into the market placement of Bumiputra Contractors compare to the non-Bumiputra Contractors.
To place the Critical Success Factors for the Bumiputra contractors.
Scope of Work
A contractor is the individual with chief duty for the building, betterment, or redevelopment undertaking under contract, and is the party subscribing the premier building contract for the undertaking. The contractor is the individual or entity who hires all of the subcontractors and providers for a undertaking. It is an person, partnership, corporation, or other concern entity that is capable of executing building with overall duty for the satisfactory completion of a undertaking utilizing its ain forces to execute or oversee portion of the work. Although, IBS execution involves assorted parties along the supply concatenation for case the industries, clients and interior decorators, the writers will merely concentrate on the contractor ‘s position and purpose to place CSFs for Bumiputra contractors to encompass in IBS.
Significance of Study
Zuhairi ( 2009 ) ( MIEE_2009_-_Zuhairi [ 2 ] ) stated CSFs is the limited figure of countries in which satisfactory consequences will guarantee successful competitory public presentation for the person, section, or organisation and as the few cardinal countries where things must travel right for the concern to boom and for the end to be attained. The CSFs will help in our apprehension of the function of contractors in IBS undertaking besides to capture the success elements and better general preparedness among the Bumiputra contractors.
Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
The literature reappraisal carried out fundamentally covered the significance of Bumiputra, debut to Industrialised Building System, current issues in IBS besides the statistic of Bumiputra and non-Bumiputra contractors in Malaysia.
Bumiputra Definition
Bumiputra definition that been usage is base on Federation Constitution of Malaysia, province as below:
Peninsular Malaya
Article 160 ( 2 ) Federal Constitution of Malaysia ( 1970 ) stated ; “ If one of the parents is Muslim Malay or Orang Asli therefore the kid is considered as a Bumiputra ” .
North borneo
Article 160A ( 6 ) ( a ) Federal Constitution of Malaysia ( 1970 ) stated ; “ If a male parent is a Muslim Malay or autochthonal indigen of Sabah therefore his kid is considered as a Bumiputra ” .
Sarawak
Article 160A ( 6 ) ( B ) Federal Constitution of Malaysia ( 1970 ) stated ; “ If both of the parent are autochthonal native of Sarawak therefore their kid is considered as a Bumiputra ” .
IBS Definitions
In general, harmonizing to Ahmad ( 2010 ) , ( challenge in the IBS industry-IBS outreach programme ) definitions of Industrialised Building System ( IBS ) is a building technique in which constituents are manufactured in a controlled environment ( on or off site ) , transported, positioned and assembled into a structural into a minimum extra site plants. In other states IBS is known as modular building, offsite building and modern method of building. The other definitions were found through literature by research workers antecedently who studied into this country. Chung and Kadir ( 2007 ) ( mcrjvol2 ) defined IBS as a mass production of edifice constituents either in mill or at site harmonizing to the specification with standard form and dimensions and conveyance to the building site to be re-arranged with certain criterion to organize a edifice. Rahman and Omar ( 2006 ) ( mcrjvol2 ) besides defined IBS as a building system that is built utilizing pre-fabricated constituents. The fabrication of the constituents is consistently done utilizing machine, formworks and other signifiers of mechanical equipment. The constituents are manufactured offsite and one time completed will be delivered to building sites for assembly and hard-on. Lessing et Al, ( 2005 ) ( @ IBS-current defect and the critical function ) defined IBS as an incorporate fabrication and building procedure with good planned organisation for efficient direction, readying and control over resources used, activities and consequences supported by the used of extremely developed constituents. Warszawki ( 1999 ) ( mcrjvol2 ) was defined IBS as a set of interconnected component that act together to enable the designated public presentation of the edifice. Trikha ( 1999 ) ( mcrjvol2 ) defined IBS as a system in which concrete constituents prefabricated at site or in mill are assembly to organize the construction with lower limit in situ building. Parid Wardi ( 1997 ) ( @ IBS-current defect and the critical function ) defined IBS as a system which uses industrialized production techniques either in the production of constituents or assembly of the edifice or both.
Types of Foundation
Shallow Foundation
Shallow foundations are those founded near to the finished land surface ; by and large where the initiation deepness is less than the breadth of the terms and less than 3m. These are non rigorous regulations, but simply guidelines: fundamentally, if surface burden or other surface conditions will impact the bearing capacity of a foundation it is ‘shallow ‘ . Shallow foundations ( sometimes called ‘spread termss ‘ ) include tablets ( ‘isolated termss ‘ ) , strip termss and tonss.
Pad Foundation
Pad foundations are used to back up an single point burden such as that due to a structural column. They may be round, square or rectangular. They normally consist of a block or slab of unvarying thickness, but they may be stepped or hunched if they are required to distribute the burden from a heavy column. Pad foundations are normally shallow, but deep tablet foundations can besides be used. The types of tablet foundations are shown in Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1: Types of Pad Foundations
Strip Foudation
Strip termss are used under comparatively unvarying point tonss. The strip will administer the concentration of the burden sideways into an increased breadth of sub-strata to cut down the bearing emphasis and colony to an allowable bound ( Curtin, 1994 ) .
The construction will besides administer the tonss in the longitudinal way when the burden is non unvarying and when the sub-strata opposition is variable. The breadth of the strip is harmonizing to the bearing emphasis bound and besides the excavator pail size ( Curtin, 1994 ) .
Wide strip terms is used when the bearing capacity of dirt is low plenty to ask a so broad that the transverse bending occurs in projecting parts of foundation beam. Adequate support is required to forestall checking in broad strip terms ( Leow, 2005 ) .
Raft foundations
Raft foundations are used to distribute the burden from a construction over a big country, usually the full country of the construction. They are used when column tonss or other structural tonss are close together and single tablet foundations would interact.
A raft foundation usually consists of a concrete slab which extends over the full laden country. It may be stiffened by ribs or beams incorporated into the foundation.
Raft foundations have the advantage of cut downing differential colonies as the concrete slab resists differential motions between lading places. They are frequently needed on soft or loose dirts with low bearing capacity as they can distribute the tonss over a larger country.
Deep Foundation
Deep foundations are used to reassign the structural tonss to a deeper dirt strata and when the dirts are subjected to scour. The different types of deep foundations available are hemorrhoids, wharfs and coffers.
Pile Foundation
Hemorrhoids are comparatively slight column used to convey the structural burden to a lower, firmer dirt or stone ( Cernica, 1995 ) . Hemorrhoids are used when the dirt at normal foundation degree can non back up the usual tablet, strip or raft foundations. They are made of lumber, concrete and steel. Harmonizing to Cernica, 1995 the choice of type of pile depend on
a ) The caustic belongingss of the dirt
B ) The fluctuation in H2O tabular array
degree Celsius ) The easiness of installing
vitamin D ) The length demand
vitamin E ) The handiness of stuff
degree Fahrenheit ) The installing equipments
g ) The limitation on driving noise
H ) Costss
Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
The research methodological analysis carried out the accounts on how the research will be conducted. This chapter will discourse the method, activities, questionnaires design, pilot survey, pilot interview and informations design and analysis. The research can be summarized in the undermentioned flow chart as shown in Figure 3.1 below.
Choose the Study Area
Topic, Scope and Objective Identification
Literature Reappraisals
Data Collections
Questionnaires
Secondary Datas
Interviews
Data Processing and Data Analysis
Conclusions & A ; Recommendation
Figure 3.4: Flow Chart of the Methodology
Study country
To place the most suited job to be investigated and the research are dependable and valuable to be anyone. Choosing and specifying jobs for research is the chief focal point of a research. The designation and location of the research job is the first measure of research. The job must be specified and wholly defined. This job designation will necessitate aid by behavior preliminary literature reappraisal. This measure is the most hard undertaking in research procedure.
Questionnaire Design
The questionnaire will plan based on information obtained from the literature reappraisal and during the interviews with the relevant building company besides some thought by supervisor.
Datas Analysis
Data will analyse when the consequence from building site is cod. The questionnaire will be step based on a Likert ‘s Scale of five ordinal steps from one ( 1 ) to five ( 5 ) harmonizing to the degree of understanding. The informations generated from the questionnaire study is analyzed utilizing frequence analysis. The measuring tools in the study provide quantitative indicant of qualitative judgements.
Chapter 4
RESULT ANALYSIS
Expected Result
It is expected the consequence from this survey will accomplish the aim that have been stated earlier, this research expect that assorted direction constructs that are successful in bettering the quality in the building industry besides to assist raise its productiveness degree.
