Introduction
As a callback by our past Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir dream to alter our state into a develop state toward 2020 as his end in 1991 to being a ego sufficient industriallise state touting full development that encompasses all facet of life. Recently, national political clime and socio-economic status had seen many alterations but the end to construct a progeressive and develop state toward 2020 remained the same with new attacks that were formed such as Economic Transformation Programme ( ETP ) .
Economic Transformation Programme ( ETP ) was launched on 25th October 2010 by Dato ‘ Sri Mohammad Najib bin Tun Razak with the aim to transform Malaysia inti high income state by 2020 by increasing Malaysia Gross National Income ( GNI ) per capita from RM 23 700 in 2009 to RM 48 000 in the twelvemonth of 2020 by under counsel of the freshly formed Perfromances Management and Delivery Unit ( PEMANDU ) . To accomplish this mark, at least 6 % per annum demand to increase.
Toward this programme it will bring forth more than 3.3 million occupations in urban and rural countries. The emplementation of ETP besides involve important alterations to the economic system and increasing growing in assorted key of sectors.
Current position of the programme has been said by Pemandu Choef Executive Officer, Datuk Seri Idris Jala, “ Since we launched the ETP in October 2010, we have made good advancement on all foreparts to transform Malaysia into a high income, to the full develop state by 2020 ” .
In this programmes, it will present 12 nucleus National Key Economic Growth Area ( NKEAs ) that help in accomplishing the aim of this programme and contribute of economic growing for the Malaysia economic system which are oil, gas and energy sector, palm oil and gum elastic sector, fiscal services, touristry, concern services, electrical and electronic sector, sweeping and retail sector, instruction, health care, communicating content and substructure sector, agribusiness and greater Kuala Lumpur/ Klang Valley country.
Then, another programmed that introduced in this ETP is six Strategic Reform Initiatives ( SRIs ) that was introduced in July 2011. They are competition, criterion and liberalisation, authorities function in concern, human capital development, public service bringing, contracting disparities ( Bumiputera SMEs ) , and public finance reform. In another words, these are transverse film editing policy alteration to guarantee Malaysia remains competitory in the planetary market.
National Key Economy Area ( NKEAs )
As announced in the tenth Malaysia Plan, the ETP is planned to be driven by 12 National Key Economic Area ( NKEAs ) which are oil, Gas and Energy, Palm Oil, Financial Services, Tourism, Bussiness Srvices, Electronic and electrical, Wholesale and Retail, Education, Healthcare, Communication Content and Infrastructure, Agriculture and Greater Kuala Lumpur/ Klang Valley.
This country was selected because this sector expected will lend to GNI in 2020 will assist Malaysia accomplish high income position as an ETP aim.
For the first sector in NKEAs is oil, gas and energy sector. This sector about contributes 20 per centum of National Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) of Malaya and this sector besides will supply RM 61.2 billion of GNI part by 2020. RM 32.0 billion include increasing in GNI due to expected addition in the oil monetary value. These give chances due from the increased demand for energy deducing from a turning economic system. Example of undertaking involve in this sector investing over RM 10 billion by ExxonMobil and Production Malaysia Inc and spouse Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd to put in new oil and gas assets to assist run into turning energy demands and undertaking including enhance oil recovery activities in the Tapis field and Telok undertaking.
Second sector is palm oil and gum elastic. This sector contributes the 4th largest to the national economic system and contributes RM 53 billion in our GNI. To prolong growing in this sector harmonizing to accomplish the aim of ETP, Malaysia need to heighten productiveness and gaining control the full potency and chances.
Third sector is fiscal service. Over the past decennary, fiscal services sector shows the turning to the Malayan economic system with portion of GDP turning from an norm of 9.9 per centum of GDP between 2000 and 2005 to an norm of 10.9 per centum over the period 2006 to 2009. But, this sector faced some challenges such as including deficiency of graduated table, deficiency of liquidness and diverseness in the capital markets and competition from regional fiscal such as Singapore, Hong Kong and Indonesia.
In add-on, through this sector we expected growing from important concern oppurtunities such as commercial banking, investing banking, Islamic banking, insurance and takaful. Based on this growing, it will contributes RM 71.9 billion in GNI by 2020 and 229 000 extra occupations to be created by 2020.
Fourth sector is touristry. In this sector it generate RM 37 billion of GNI in 2009 and expected to go on turning in 2020 and this sector besides contributes fifth largest industry in our state. This is because Malaysia is one of top universe finishs for touristry, in the top 10 reachings and top 15 in planetary grosss. In this sector three concern chances will back up the growing that is nutrient and mean mercantile establishments, local transit and circuit operators.
Examples of the development in this sector are Teluk Datai Development Plan that involves RM 1 billion of investing. This undertaking develops 300 estates of land in Langkawi by 2014 including upgrading of the Datai Hotel and Golf Course and development of premium hotels and luxury Villas for sale.
Fifth sector is concern services that contributes RM 20 billion to GNI in 2009 and expected to turn by 11 per centum over the following decennary to run into its GNI growing rates which expected to make 107,000 new occupations by 2020. Undertaking involve in this sector is a Malaysia as a universe category informations Centres hub with entire investing of RM 671.6 factory with corporate by 3 companies.
Sixth sector is electronic and electrical sector. This sector is an of import subscriber to the national economic system that contributes RM 37 billion in GNI 2009. Example undertaking in this sector that contribute in our GNI is building of a new solar installation in Malacca to bring forth than 1400 megawatts of high efficiency solar cells yearly and this investing involve RM 2.2 billion.
Seventh sector is sweeping and retail sector. This sector is a important subscriber to GNI that contributes about RM57 billion to GNI in 2009 and contributes about 500,000 occupations. In order to accomplish 2020 GNI mark, retail can be a cardinal driver for domestic ingestion that will be lead to economic growing.
In this sector undertaking Mines Wellness City by Country Height Group of Companies will put by RM 3 billion by 2020 in order to achive criterion and aim of ETP itself. The undertaking involve is to develop an intergrated wellness and health resort as a one halt finish for modern and complementary medical specialty. Based in this undertaking, this will impact GNI by RM5 billion over 10 old ages and will created possible occupations about 11,000 over 10 old ages approaching.
Eighth sector is instruction. Education is of import sector in transmutation from center to high income state. This is because this sector will impact on productiveness and human capital development. Since 2009, this sector contributed 4 per centum of GNI. Through this plan, this sector will lend a farther RM14.3 billion of GNI in 2020 and bring forth over 252,000 approaching occupations.
Ninth sector is healthcare. This sector becomes powerful engine of economic growing. This is because a rise of lifestyle diseases such as high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Presently this sector contribute to RM15 billion in GNI and 5 per centum of GDP.
One of the entry point undertaking affecting NKEAs in this health care sector is project by University Malaya Health Metropolis that involve RM1.25 billion excepting land cost for their investing is a undertaking of Health Metropolis which includes a new infirmary wing, research and instruction Centre that would be develop as the state premier medical hub and as one of the centres for excellences medical and life science in the part. Through this undertaking it will make about 10,400 possible occupations and will expected bring forth RM986 million of GNI by 2020.
Tenth sector is communication content and substructure sector. This sector contributes RM22 billion of GNI in 2009 that obtain from telecommunications, telecasting and broadcast medium every bit good as station and messenger. To transform from in-between income to high income economic system, the continued development of the communicating contents and substructure sector as a anchor.
Through this entry point undertaking, this sector will demo the growing through domestic growing from bing company every bit good as through Malayan ownership of foreign companies. This growing can be from faxed service, nomadic service, courier, station and broadcast and regional operations. This sector will be forecast to accomplish about RM11.7 billion for GNI and make 17,265 new occupations by 2020 toward these concern chances.
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